Phosphatidylserine

Brain Health and Cognitive Function: Phosphatidylserine is a key component of brain cell membranes, accounting for about 15% - 20% of the total phospholipids in the brain. It influences membrane fluidity, permeability, and signal transduction, thereby significantly impacting nerve cell function. Studies have shown that supplementing with phosphatidylserine can improve memory, attention, and cognitive abilities, benefiting both age-related cognitive decline in the elderly and learning enhancement in children.

Neurotransmitter Regulation: Phosphatidylserine is involved in the release and regulation of neurotransmitters. It affects the synthesis, release, and reuptake of neurotransmitters such as acetylcholine, dopamine, and gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), helping to maintain normal nervous system function. For example, during learning and memory processes, phosphatidylserine promotes neurotransmitter transmission and enhances signal communication between neurons.

Stress Relief and Mood Improvement: Phosphatidylserine can regulate the function of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, reducing the secretion of stress hormones and helping the body cope with stress. Additionally, it may positively influence mood by balancing neurotransmitters, thereby alleviating anxiety, depression, and other negative emotional states.

Sources and Intake

Food Sources: In nature, phosphatidylserine is widely present in various biological membranes. Foods rich in phosphatidylserine include animal brains, soybeans, and fish. While animal brains contain high levels of phosphatidylserine, they are not a primary source due to their high cholesterol content. Soybeans are a relatively abundant and widely available plant-based source. Fish, particularly deep-sea varieties like salmon and cod, contain phosphatidylserine mainly in their oils.

Supplements: Since dietary intake of phosphatidylserine may be limited, certain groups such as the elderly, mental workers, and athletes may need supplements to meet their body's requirements. Commercially available phosphatidylserine supplements are primarily derived from soybeans or produced through microbial fermentation. These supplements are typically available in capsule, tablet, or powder form.

Deficiency Symptoms and Risks

Cognitive Decline: A deficiency in phosphatidylserine may impair nerve cell function, affecting neurotransmitter transmission and signal transduction, leading to issues such as memory loss, poor concentration, and reduced learning ability. In the elderly, a lack of phosphatidylserine may accelerate cognitive decline and increase the risk of neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer's.

Mood Disorders: Phosphatidylserine deficiency can disrupt neurotransmitter balance, potentially causing mood swings, anxiety, and depression. Long-term deficiency may also impact mental health and reduce quality of life.

Other Effects: Phosphatidylserine is crucial for the development and maintenance of the nervous system. In fetuses and infants, a deficiency may impair normal brain and nervous system development, leading to delayed intellectual development and poor motor coordination.

Applications

Health Supplements: As an important nutritional supplement, phosphatidylserine is widely used in the health supplement industry. It is primarily used to enhance cognitive function, relieve stress, and improve memory, making it suitable for students, office workers, the elderly, and others seeking to boost mental performance and reduce stress.

Pharmaceutical Field: Phosphatidylserine has garnered significant attention in the pharmaceutical field. Research suggests its potential in treating neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's. Additionally, it may aid in the treatment of mental disorders like depression and anxiety, as well as support neurological recovery after brain injuries or strokes.

Cosmetics Industry: Due to its excellent moisturizing and skin-penetrating properties, phosphatidylserine is also used in cosmetics. It helps retain skin moisture, strengthens the skin barrier, reduces water loss, and promotes smoother, more refined skin, offering anti-aging benefits.